The plus-size model is a term applied to individuals with higher stature (sometimes but not exclusively overweight or obese) involved primarily in modeling plus-size clothing. Plus-sized models are also involved in jobs that are not entirely related to the sale of large clothing, for example, stock photography and advertising photography for cosmetics, household and pharmaceutical products and sunglasses, footwear and watches. Therefore, the plus size model does not exclusively use clothes that are marketed as plus size clothing. This is especially true when participating in fashion editorials for mainstream fashion magazines.
Means and interchangeable with plus-size models are "full-thinking models", "long-size models", and "external models". Previously, the term "large size model" is also frequently used.
Video Plus-size model
Plus size industry
Fashion designers are beginning to take a closer look at earning potential from plus size clothing, and have used plus-size models for their advertising and catwalk campaigns. Jean-Paul Gaultier and John Galliano both used plus-size models in their Spring 2006 show in Paris. Gaultier also uses Marquita Pring and Crystal Renn-size models in its Spring Spring Ready Event 2011. The Italian plus-size fashion house, Elena MirÃÆ'², now regularly holds a biennial show for the Fashion Week event in Milan. Mark Fast and William Tempest each used a plus-size model during their own London Fashion Week show in spring 2009, and again as part of the All Walks Beyond Catwalk event held on September 19, 2009 in collaboration with the British Fashion Council. Mark Fast also used the plus-size model in Autumn 2010, Autumn 2011 and Spring 2012.
Origins in North America
Lane Bryant began trading in the early 1900s as a clothing manufacturer for "Pregnant Mom and Newborn Baby". In the early 1920s, Lane Bryant began selling clothes under the category 'For the Stout Women', which ranged from 38-56 inches of breastplate. The earliest catalogs used illustrations to sell their products, but by the mid-1950s the photos were integrated into the catalog as an evolution of printing technology that made this option available. After a hiatus through the 1960-1980 period, Lane Bryant once again started using the plus size model.
Custom model agency division
The plus size model was first represented by the model agency in the 1970s. Prior to this, direct freelanced models with retailers, designers and magazines. Former plus size models Mary Duffy owns Big Beauties Little Women, the first agency specializing in plus-size and petite models in 1977. Pat Swift, a plus-size model at the time, established Model Plus in 1978. Ford Model began to represent the plus size models in 1978, and added two models to their boards, including Ann Harper's top model, due to demand from clients. In the late 1980s, Model Plus was the largest and most successful plus-size special agent, representing over 65 models and generating revenues of over 2 million dollars. In 1984, Big Beauties Little Women managed enough to run a national model search advertised in the media. The prizes include the cover of It's Me magazine, a nationally-issued magazine for plus-size women. Not long after that, Model Plus began a national model search. In the mid-1980s, the top plus size models could generate 150,000 to 200,000 dollars a year. Ford Models bought Big Beauties Little Women in 1988, then renamed the Special Size division and then Ford 12.
NYC Wilhelmina agent Susan Georget started Wilhelmina 10/20 division in New York in 1994, recently re-branded W Curve. Gary Dakin led the Karin Division of the New York Model '
The former plus-size model Becca Thorpe set up a plus-size division at Muse Model Management, a boutique fashion agency in 2011. Muse also recruited high caliber models and has advanced opportunities for plus-size models beyond advertising for plus-size retailers.
Ford Model closed its plus-size division in June 2013 to focus on its editorial division. Gary Dakin and Jaclyn Sarka founded Jag Model in July 2013, which currently represents about 30 models of size 8-18. The agency does not model its model as a plus.
There are a large number of leading agencies throughout the US and Canada, and internationally in Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, Netherlands, Turkey, and England.
Custom media and other businesses in North America
In 1979, Big Beautiful Woman magazine (better known through the acronym BBW ) was published and was one of the first publications in the US to cater specifically to consumer-size clothing. It stopped the publication in 1995, but the "BBW" brand was sold onward. Although it was raised in print through some combination of editors and publishers, it continued to falter, finally stopping the last print publication in the late 1990s. BBW is now an online community that surrounds archived material from magazines.
In 1981, Lane Bryant began publishing the It's Me magazine. Along with Big Beautiful Women , This I is one of several print magazines for plus size women. In 1982, the magazine was sold to the Happy Hands Publishing Company.
The Spiegel catalog launched the For Your from Spiegel plus-size collection in 1989 with Linda Arroz as their official consultant and spokesperson. Your three-year campaign includes opening brick-and-mortar retail locations in upscale shopping centers. Previously, Spiegel had just become a mail order merchant. As part of a full-size plus size range, Spiegel manufactures video modes featuring advice from Arroz image consultants, with comments from some of the large-size models that appear in videos and catalogs. Arroz became the fashion editor of BBW magazine after his work with Spiegel. In the mid-1990s, all For You from the retail location of Spiegel were closed.
In 1995, Lane Bryant embarked on a brand transformation that included large scale fashion shows and celebrity endorsements. Queen Latifah, Mia Tyler, Camryn Manheim, Anna Nicole Smith, and Chris Noth have appeared in advertisements and/or events on behalf of the brand. Lane Bryant held a large-scale fashion lingerie event to launch the lucrative lingerie collection "Cacique Intimates" on February 1, 2000. A large 2003 catwalk show featuring Roseanne Barr as Matron of Ceremony in a cabaret setting complete with Moulin Rouge-style singers and dancers. Lane Bryant was acquired by Charming Shoppes for $ 335 million in August 2001. In 2003, the cost reduction plan was announced to increase the company's pre-tax position of $ 45 million. Shortly after, Lane Bryant's annual fashion show stopped production.
With the strong collaboration of Wilhelmina 10/20, Curves and Ford 12 agencies, MODE magazine, launched in the spring of 1997. No other fashion magazine specifically targets plus-size consumers with Vogue mode like-Vogue. MO D Editorial practice E to provide model names, sometimes attached to self-esteem quotes to make it more approachable, greatly contributes to the popularity of the model and gives them a celebrity form. The magazine also won praise from the industry, named after the launch of the best new magazine by Ad Week and Advertising Age in 1997. MO D E runs a model search competition with the Wilhelmina model agency, drawing entries from thousands of expectations from US and Canada. Happening shortly before closing time MODE ' is the failure of some designers to market a plus-size. Versace ( GV Versatile Couture ), Valentino ( Carisma ), and others stop producing clothing that MO D E relied upon, leaving unfavorable deficits in the department's department wardrobe and income earning ads from MO magazine D E and his successors. His circulation was around 600,000 at the time of his death in late 2001.
Grace Magazine was launched on May 14, 2002 by the last executive editor of MO magazine D, E Ceslie Armstrong and many ex-MO D Ei staff as quarterly publications and independent websites under a similar concept. Although the initial 400,000 prints sold out quickly and advertising revenues appeared high, independent status and limited funding prohibited the ability to charge kiosks and subscription orders. Critics, however, believe that Grace displays clothing content that is much lighter than its predecessor and unfairly pursues editorial emphasis on weight-related health issues. Grace magazine stopped operating due to lack of funds in November 2003, after issuing 10 issues.
Charming Shoppes' custom advertorial magazine, Figure , was launched in 2002 and changed during 2006. Although only featuring Charming Shoppes products and lifestyle articles, it remains the only special style and lifestyle magazine printing. targeted to plus-size consumers until the closure is announced after the publication of the March/April 2009 edition.
The America's Next Top Model has featured contestants who recognize the relevance of the plus-size industry to the fashions since the event's launch in 2003. After elimination from the competition, several contestants have signed contracts with Wilhelmina's agency, even though only Kortnie Coles , Diane Hernandez, Toccara Jones, Whitney Thompson, and Alexandra Underwood have successfully translated their TV celebrities into an ongoing modeling career.
Some homegrown calendar projects featuring models above the US 12 gauge were launched in 2007, including well-publicized, well-publicized "Luscious and Phenicia calendar products from North America. Until now, no calendar has been successful enough to continue beyond the initial launch year.
Plus Model Magazine, an online publication was launched in 2006 by Madeline Figueroa-Jones, a former large-size model. The magazine features beauty and fashion editors, beauty and fashion tips, modeling advice and interviews with plus-size celebrities as well as people working in all aspects of the plus size clothing industry. Plus Model Magazine launched an online podcast in 2008 hosted by model, actress and host Chenese Lewis, who has interviews with plus-size celebrities and people working in all aspects of the plus size clothing industry. The magazine received attention in many media around the world by publishing editorial comments on body image and fashion industry. This editorial features a plus-size model Katya Zharkova photographed naked in addition to a straight model.
Canadian magazine LOU LOU has included a special bi-annual plus-size fashion insert featuring editorials and product pages since 2008. Echoing advertorial relationships Images to Lane Bryant, LouLou ' offers products from the Reitmans group of plus size clothing companies (Addition-Elle, MXM, Pennington's) on the pages.
Vogue The US has wavered on the ongoing use of recognizable plus-size models for the annual "Shape Issue" (April) edition; but English vocalist Adele appeared on the cover of March 2012 as the first covering a larger cover size since athlete LeBron James in April 2008. US Glamor has stated it will feature more plus size models as editorial policy after the appearance of a small photo of Lizzie Miller's model caused a surge of positive comments.
Elle Quebec features a plus-size model three times on its cover: in May 1997, May 2013 and June 2014.
High fashion print magazines V feature seven plus-size models the agency represents in "Size Problem" # 63, photographed by leading fashion photographers.
Origin in Europe
European magazines, including the European editions of Elle and Vogue have featured plus-size models on the cover and in the editorial.
Evans, a UK-based retailer, was founded in 1930.
Max Mara started Marina Rinaldi, one of the first high-end clothing lines, for plus-size women in 1980. Marina Rinaldi began advertising in 1981. The line campaign was photographed by top photographers such as Richard Avedon, Patrick Demarchelier, Arthur Elgort, Greg Kadel , Peter Lindbergh and Craig McDean, using top models and celebrities (including Carrà © Otis, Candice Huffine, Crystal Renn and Kate Dillon Levin), and featured in magazines and on billboards. The ad is also the first to use the term plus size rather than large size in Europe.
Custom model agency division
Cheryl Hughes founded the Hughes model, the first plus size agency in Britain in 1985. Allison Bramwell Bewley, a former straight and plus size model founded Excel Model in 1995. The agent has represented well-known models including Pollyanna McIntosh and Sara Morrison. Sarah Watkinson founded 12 models in 2000. Former plus size models Anna Shillinglaw established a plus size division of Milk Management in 2011. This agency has been credited with increasing the visibility of plus-size models in Europe and developing some of the top plus-size models for the international market. In recent years, the UK's most prestigious fashion agency has launched a plus-size division. In 2011, the Excel Model merged with Models1, one of Europe's most prestigious fashion agencies. The Storm Model starts the plus size division, Curve in 2012.
Custom media and other businesses in Europe
Some large size retailers in Europe have produced magazines. Marina Rinaldi started MR, a fashion magazine that showed Marina Rinaldi outfit on a plus-size model in 1992. The magazine is still published today. Evans, one of Britain's largest size specialist retailers, launched Encore, a fashion and lifestyle magazine in stores published by Condà © © Nast in 1996.
Yes !, a fashion print magazine for plus-size women founded and edited by Janice Bhend, was launched in 1993. At that time, Yes! is the only print magazine specifically for women plus size in Europe. The magazine stopped publishing in 1998 due to lack of funds.
Fashion Editor Rivkie Baum launched SLiNK, a fashion and lifestyle magazine for full thinking women in 2011. SLiNK is one of several magazines focused on plus size women to photograph models with aesthetics like Vogue. The magazine began publishing prints for its fifth edition in March 2012. The magazine is also the first to feature a plus size model in 3D editorial. SLiNK is also one of several magazines to show plus sizes and smaller models on magazine covers.
European versions Vogue and Elle have featured plus-size models in many editorials, often photographed by top photographers. In 1997, Vogue published an English editorial with Sara Morrison photographed by Nick Knight. Italian Vogue featured plus-size models on the cover of three issues. Sophie Dahl appeared on two covers in 2000 (February and April). In June 2011, Candice Huffine, Robyn Lawley, and Tara Lynn appeared on the cover of the magazine. The main editorial of this issue displays the three models plus Marquita Pring. Robyn Lawley also appeared in another editorial on the subject. Elle France has featured Tara Lynn on two covers in April 2010 and April 2012, and Robyn Lawley on their April 2011 cover. The April 2010 edition also includes 20 pages spread with Lynn. Elle Italia has featured Crystal Renn on its cover in April 2008. Elle Belgium featured Deborah Dauchot on its cover in May 2012. In November 2013, Tara Lynn appeared on the cover of Elle Spain. In December 2013, Iris Monroe Baker appeared on the cover of Elle Netherlands.
Other magazines featuring plus size models on the cover include Amica, Avantgarde, Biba, D Reppublicca della Donna, i-D and S Mode . In addition, magazines like Bon, Diva e Donna, Gioia, Glamor UK, Glass, Grazia, NumÃÆ'Â ro, Paradis, Ponystep and Yo Dona have featured plus size models in editorial.
English & amp; Next Top Model Ireland has featured several contestants, including Louise Watts, who is runner 3 and competes in Next Top Model Cycle 18 America. Origin in Asia and the Pacific
Plus size industries in Asia are not as developed as in North America or Europe, but a number of Asian plus-size models have been featured in the media. Australia has a growing industry with many designers and retailers using plus-size models in advertising. In recent years, plus-size agencies in Australia have launched careers of several international plus-size models, such as Robyn Lawley.
Custom agencies and divisions
The former plus-size model Darrianne Donnelly established the first size plus body in Australia, Model BigGals, which was renamed to BGM Model in 1996. The BGM model was closed in 2015 due to Donnelly's retirement, with the majority of the models moving to the new Curves division in the service agency model complete set up by Vivien. Chelsea Bonner, a former BGM model, left the agency to start Bella's Model in 2000 in a live competition. Bonner is often credited with the invention of Robyn Lawley as a model, although Lawley has been modeling on a smaller size before joining Bella.
Custom media and other businesses in the Asia and Pacific Region
In April 1997, Emme appeared on the cover of New Women , the first appearance of a plus-size model on the cover of Australian magazine. In May 2000, Australia Cosmopolitan began to use the plus-size model in fashion feature deployment. Natalie Wakeling appeared in editorial in May 2000 first. Australian Cosmopolitan now features plus-size models in every magazine edition. Other magazines that regularly feature plus-size models include Australian Women's Weekly and Dolly. Robyn Lawley is GQ Australia of the Week in the November 2013 issue.
Madison magazine photographed Robyn Lawley for their May 2012 cover. In March 2014, Robyn Lawley appeared on the cover of Cosmopolitan Australia.
Crystal Renn appeared at A Call for Camp in the June 2011 edition of Vogue Japan. Felicity Hayward is featured in I'm Better in Black's editorial in Vogue Japan September 2012. Vogue Australia featuring Robyn Lawley in Belle Curve for their August 2011 edition, and again in their June 2013 edition.
Next Top Model Australia features the Tahnee Atkinson cycle winner in Cycle 5.
Celebrities that wear clothing larger than the US 8 standard size have increasingly attracted support contracts as advertisers seek to expand size acceptance into the film, TV and music industries, and/or make use of family or other connections. Women who have lost weight, falling below the size of the US 8 since gaining popularity are not part of this entry, nor are women not represented by modeling agencies.
Anna Nicole Smith was formerly known as Vickie Lynn Marshall (nÃÆ' Â © e Hogan) (November 28, 1967 - February 8, 2007), and Vickie Smith, before setting Anna Nicole Smith as her moniker, was an American television model, actress, and personality. Smith first gained popularity in Playboy became Playmate of the Year in 1993. Soon after, he signed a contract with Elite Model Management. Smith became very popular after appearing in the Guess campaign in 1992, becoming the first plus-size model to be used in the Guess campaign. The Guess campaign is one of the most successful clothing brand campaigns. He was photographed by Peter Lindbergh for the cover of Marie Claire 1994, and appears in his book Peter Lindbergh Untitled 116. The photo shoot for the cover and editorial in German Marie Claire is featured in a documentary about Peter Lindbergh. Smith was also photographed by famous photographers including David La Chapelle. He was modeled for the HOSMET underwear campaign in December 1993 in print ads and billboards. Anna Nicole also appeared in a controversial advertisement for Lane Bryant, which was banned by newspapers such as the Wall Street Journal because it showed too much cleavage. Smith walked on several Lane Bryant trails. Anna was modeled on TV and print ads for Conair in 1993.
Brooke Elliott has starred in the TV series Drop Dead Diva since 2009 as the main character, Jane Bingham, a plus-size lawyer whose body is inhabited by the soul of fashion models. Elliott has discussed the perception of plus-size actress on television, and describes her body type as a normal size, stating "The majority of women in America look like me.This is one of the things I love about the show."
Christina Schmidt appeared in season 1-3 of Canada's popular cable TV series, Degrassi: The Next Generation as Terri, a plus-size model. Schmidt's character gained popularity among the show's young audiences and he was hired to model for a Torrid-size clothing company and was represented by Wilhelmina Models 10/20 (now Curve) division in New York.
Joanne Borgella was a semi-finalist on the seventh season of American Idol, and was represented by the Wilhelmina Model agency as a plus-size model. Borgella is the winner of the first cycle of Mo'Nique's Fat Chance plus the size search model on the Oxygen TV network.
Lyrical Crosse first became famous after appearing in music videos for famous hip-hop artists including Jay-Z and Nelly and appeared in African American magazines such as Essence , Jet , King , Vibe and XXL . In addition, he has appeared in music videos for mainstream music artists including 98 Degrees and Jennifer Lopez. As a model, her performances in magazines include UK Cosmopolitan, Glamor, Grace, MODE, Italian Vogue, YM, and Seventeen magazines. Lyrical has been photographed by renowned photographers such as Walter Chin. He appeared in a campaign for urban designers Karl Kani and Pelle Pelle. Lyrical also runs on runway events for BET's Rip the Runway and Lane Bryant. His acting roles include John Singleton's Baby Boy, The Best Man, The Inside Man, The Wire, and Law's Order's Victim's Unit. Her current modeling agency is Dorothy Combs Models.
Melissa McCarthy is an actor and comedian. He studied textiles at Southern Illinois University before he became a TV and movie actor, becoming a fashion designer at the age of 44. Her first clothing collection, Melissa McCarthy Seven, is for plus-size women and will cover up to size 28. McCarthy states that "People do not stop at size 12. I feel like there's a big thing missing where you can not dress for your mood above a certain number. [Center] separates the plus-size "clothing store" and hides these stores from other parts of the mall. McCarthy has stated he "... wants to end the body of embarrassing plus-size women."
Maiysha Simpson is a successful Ford model and singer, and was nominated for a 2009 Grammy Award for Best Urban/Alternative Performance for Wanna Be , taken from the 2008 album, It's True . Mia Amber Davis appeared in a feature role in the 2000 comedy film released by Road Trip as Rhonda. Since the appearance of his film, Davis has worked as a model in New York. She appears on TV to talk about plus size issues, and self-esteem, especially on the Tyra Banks talk show episode that deals with media responses to Bank photos in swimsuits. Davis died at the age of 35 years on May 10, 2011.
Mia Tyler, daughter of Aerosmith singer Steve Tyler and Cyrinda Foxe-Tyler and step sister of actress Liv Tyler, embarked on a large-size modeling in 1998 at the age of 19 after being discovered by talent scouts for the V Ladis Bryant Girl ad campaign. She is represented by Wilhelmina Models and works for a company that wants to associate herself with her rock'n lifestyle and aesthetics. Tyler appeared in Cosmopolitan Magazine in January 2002, Glamor Magazine in May 2002, Vogue in his yearly "Form Problems" in 2003 and on the cover of Image Magazine in May 2006. He also appeared on the cover of the magazine. Flare in 2002 and at Grace , Marie Claire , Mode , Seventeen , Teen and YM . Tyler has worked with renowned photographers such as Franceso Scavullo, Steven Meisel, and Max Abadian. Mia runs on runways in New York and Paris, including several Lane Bryant shows. She is the VJ for MTV 'House of Style. Tyler launched his own clothing line, entitled Revolution 1228, in February 2009. In 2008, Tyler released his autobiography Creating Myself .
Pollyanna McIntosh appeared on the Pirelli Calendar for December 2004, photographed by Nick Knight. He appeared as a 14th UK measure in a 16-page fashion editorial in UK Vogue December 2003. McIntosh was named 'Model Year 2004' by The Face UK magazine based on Vogue UK editorial and appearance of the Pirelli calendar. He also worked with renowned photographer David Bailey for the Evans store, and appeared in his book, Bailey's Democracy. Pollyanna is still an occasional model (the current representation is Model1 in London), but now works mainly as an actress, director, producer and screenwriter. The role of famous films includes a leading role in the controversial horror film The Woman and The 9 Lives Of Mara and the role of The Offspring, a prequel to < i> The Woman .
Queen Latifah (Dana Elaine Owens) is an artist and musical artist who appears in the ongoing US commercial for CoverGirl cosmetics. Owens is the main figure of the Curvation company of plus size clothing and intimate friends, and related Project Curvation, a reward program that fights for women's trust.
Toccara Jones is a model and personality of television. He was a contestant on the third cycle of the reality TV series America's Next Top Model (ANTM). In relation to his career in the major plus-size model, he has found a niche in interviews and related photography in lifestyle magazines that speak of self-esteem. Jones performed at Vogue Italia in 2008 in a feather advertorial photographed by Steven Meisel.
Velvet D'Amour emerged as the only bigger model in the show Jean-Paul Gaultier season 2007/Summer prÃÆ'ªt-ÃÆ' -porter, and recently appeared as a judge on the channel Oxygen Channel US Mo'Nique F.A.T. Opportunities Television program. D'Amour is featured in the title role of Avida , a 2006 French film chosen for the Cannes Tribeca festivals and 2007 2006. In 2010 she was a contestant in the reality TV series "La Ferme des CÃÆ'Â © brÃÆ' Â © s 3/Celebrity Farm, Season 3 ", was filmed in South Africa.
Maps Plus-size model
Criticism
The plus size modeling industry has received general criticism on the premise that acceptance of the plus-size model establishes poor health examples of weight management.
Consumer-based criticism of the lower size of the plus-size model becomes common and widespread. While the size of the 'average' American women's clothing is a size 14, the majority of the models represented as plus sizes are between US sizes 6-12; therefore the model does not reflect the average consumer size. Critics have mentioned the wide use of bearings used to make smaller models appear larger and help smaller models fit the clothes.
Plus-sized models engage in unhealthy habits such as eating salty foods to maintain water weight and fluctuating sizes to please clients. Agents have suggested plastic surgery for some models.
German fashion designer Karl Lagerfeld and other fashion designers have delayed the use of plus-size models through a lack of interest in consumers associated with plus size terms. Lagerfeld has been particularly vocal in terms of his preferred clientele: "What I design is fashion for slim and slender people" and accepts critics for demanding that H & M did not produce their collaboration design for size 16.
In addition, the industry has been criticized for lacking in racial diversity. For example, critics have noted that there are several Asian plus size models. Others have noted that there are some plus models of black size with darker skin tones.
In February 2015, Australian model Stefania Ferrario and television presenter Ajay Rochester started a campaign to end the use of the term "plus size" to describe models that are above the size of US 4 clothing by the modeling industry. Ferrario posted an image with the text "I am a FULL STOP model" with a "#droptheplus" hashtag that received media coverage and much discussed, with mixed reactions, but mostly positive, on social media and in the fashion industry.
See also
- Plus size clothing
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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