Palace of Culture and Science (Polish: Pa? ac Kultury i Nauki ; abbreviated PKiN ) is a famous high-rise building in Warsaw, Poland. Built in 1955, it is a center for companies, public institutions and cultural events such as concerts, cinemas, theaters, libraries, sports clubs, universities, scientific institutions and the authority of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Motivated by Polish historyism and the American art deco building, PKiN was designed by Soviet architect Lev Rudnev in the style of "Seven Sisters" and informally referred to as "Eighth Sister".
The Palace of Culture and Science is the tallest building in Poland, the Eighth Highest Building in the European Union and one of the highest in Europe. Height of 237 meters (778 feet), including the tower as high as 43 meters (141 ft).
Video Palace of Culture and Science
History
Name
The building was originally known as Stalin's Culture and Science Palace ( Pa. Ac Kultury i Nauki imienia JÃÆ'³zefa Stalina ), but after the destalinization, the dedication to Stalin was revoked. Stalin's name was removed from the colonnade, the interior lobby and one of the carvings of the building.
Varsovians still often uses nicknames to refer to the palace, especially Pekin ("Beijing", due to the abbreviated name PKiN ), and Pajac ("clown ", a word that sounds close to Pa? ac ). Other less common names include Stalin's scarf, Elephants at Lacy Underwear, Russian Wedding Cake, or even Stalina Ch.j i> i> (Stalin D..k ").
However, only Pekin is a popular alternative name. Also, although some confusion later, the name patyk (a Polish word for permanent) does not apply to PKiN but to the 10 meter (33Ã, ft) meter, at the corner of the Box Parade, near the Marsza junction? Kowska Street and Jerusalem Avenue. The four walls of the signposts display the names of several major or important cities around the world, along with the distance from the pointers themselves.
Construction
Construction began in 1952 and lasted until 1955. A gift from the Soviet Union to the Polish people, the tower was built, using the Soviet plan, by 3,500 to 5,000 Russian workers and 4,000 Polish workers. Sixteen workers were killed in accidents during construction. The Russian builders are housed in a new suburban complex built on the cost of Poland, with its own cinema, pujasera, community center and swimming pool, called Osiedle "Przyja? Ni" (Friendship Environment). The architecture of this building is closely related to several similar skyscrapers built in the Soviet Union in the same era, especially the main building of Moscow State University. However, the main architect Lev Rudnev incorporated some Polish architectural details into the project after traveling around Poland and looking at architecture. The monumental wall is led with pieces of stone copied from the Renaissance houses and palaces of KrakÃÆ'³w and Zamo ??.
Shortly after the opening, the building hosted the 5th World Youth and Student Festival. Many honored guests visit the Palace, and also hold performances by well-known international artists, such as the 1967 concert by The Rolling Stones, the first by a large western rock group behind the Iron Curtain. In 1985, he hosted Leonard Cohen's historic concert, surrounded by many political expectations, which Cohen avoided in his prolonged introductions during the three-hour show.
Four 6.3 meter (21 ft) faces were added to the top of the building ahead of the millennium celebrations in 2000.
Today
As the city's most visible landmark, the building was controversial from the start. Many Poles initially hated the building because they regarded it as a symbol of Soviet dominance, and at least some of those negative feelings still exist today. Some also argue that, regardless of its political connotations, it destroys the aesthetic balance of the old city and imposes dissonance with other buildings. This contrast has diminished slightly over the years with the construction of several skyscrapers in the vicinity. Despite the controversy, the Palace became an internationally recognized symbol of Warsaw.
The building currently serves as an exhibition center and office complex. The Palace contains a multiplex cinema with eight screens, four theaters (Studio, Dramatyczny, Lalka and 6. pi? Tro), two museums (Evolution Museum and Technology Museum), office, bookshop, large pool, auditorium hall for 3,000 called the Congress Hall, and an accredited university, Civitas Collegium, on the 11th and 12th floors of the building. The terrace on the 30th floor, at 114 meters (374Ã, ft), is a famous tourist attraction with panoramic city views.
The Congress Hall mengadakan final Miss World 2006.
In 2010, the illumination of the building was modernized and high-powered LED lights were installed, allowing the Palace to take on a variety of colors at night. The first use of new lighting is during Christmas of 2010, when the Palace is illuminated in green and white to resemble a Christmas tree. In December 2013, during the Euromaidan protests, it was illuminated in yellow and blue, the color of the national flag of Ukraine as a sign of solidarity with the demonstrators.
Maps Palace of Culture and Science
See also
- Sister Eight
- Latvian Academy of Sciences in Riga
- Museum of Communism, Warsaw
- Neoclassical architecture
- Square Parade ( Plac Defilad )
- Socialist realism in Poland
References
External links
- Official site
- Palace of Culture & amp; Science at Structurae
- Skyscrapers Warsaw - Palace of Culture and Science
- Google map view in Palace of Culture and Science
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments