Ray of Light is the seventh studio album by American singer Madonna. The album was released in Japan on February 22, 1998 by Maverick and Warner Bros.. Records and around the world on March 3, 1998. After giving birth to her first child, Madonna began working on an album with producers Babyface and Patrick Leonard. After a failed session with them, Madonna pursues a new musical direction with British producer William Orbit. The recording process is the longest in Madonna's career and has problems with orbital hardware settings, which will be damaged, and recording must be suspended until they can be fixed.
The departure from previous work, Ray of Light is an album of electronica and dance that combines several genres, including ambient, hop travel and Middle Eastern music. Vocally, the album saw Madonna sing in a larger and more complete tone. The mystical theme is also very strong both in music and lyrics, as a result of the Madonna embracing Kabbalah, the study of Hinduism and Buddhism, as well as the daily practice of Ashtanga Yoga.
The album received universal praise with reviews praising the singer's new music direction. Called her the "most adventurous" note, Ray of Light has been noted for her introspective, spiritual nature; reviewers also praised Madonna's vocals. Ray of Light won four Grammy Awards out of a total of six nominations. Commercially, the album peaked at number one in many countries, such as Australia, Canada, Germany, Poland and the UK. On the US Billboard 200, the album debuted and peaked at number two, with the biggest first-week sales by female artists at the time. Ray of Light has sold over 16 million copies worldwide.
Five singles were released from the album, including international hit "Frozen" and "Ray of Light". The album's promotion was later supported by the Drowned World Tour in 2001. Academics have recorded the album's influence on popular music, and how it introduced electronica into mainstream pop culture. They also recorded the discovery of Madonna music that helped keep it contemporary among the artists that were marketed at the time. Ray of Light is often cited by music critics as one of the greatest albums of all time.
Video Ray of Light
​​â € <â €
After releasing his compilation album Something to Remember (1995), Madonna began taking vocal lessons in preparation for her role in Evita. (1996). She also gave birth to her daughter, Lourdes, in the same year. These events inspire periods of introspection. "It was a great catalyst for me that led me to the search for answers to questions I had never asked myself before," he told the Qi> magazine in 2002. During the same period he embraced Kabbalah and start studying Hinduism and yoga, all of which help him "step outside [myself] and see the world from a different perspective." Madonna felt that there was a "whole piece" of her unused voice, which she decided to use for the album. In May 1997, Madonna began writing songs for the album. She began collaborating with Babyface, who first worked with her on previous albums Bedtime Stories (1994). The two wrote several songs together before Madonna decided the collaboration did not go according to the direction of the music she wanted for the album. According to Babyface, the songs "have some kind of 'Take Bow-ish' vibe, and Madonna does not want, or need, to repeat itself."
After leaving the song he wrote with Babyface, Madonna turned to musician Rick Nowels, who previously wrote the song along with Stevie Nicks and Celine Dion. The collaboration produced seven songs in nine days, but the songs did not show the direction of the album's future electronic music. Three of the songs, "The Power of Good-Bye", "To Have and Not to Hold" and "Little Star", appear on the album. Madonna then began writing songs with Leonard, who had produced many songs for Madonna in the late 1980s. Unlike previous albums, the collaborative songwriting of Leonard was accompanied by a little studio input. Madonna believes that Leonard's production "will lend more songs than Peter Gabriel vibe", a voice he does not want for the album. Guy Oseary, chairman of Maverick Records, then telephoned the British electronic musician, William Orbit, and suggested that he send some songs to Madonna. Orbit sends 13-track digital audio recordings to Madonna. "I am a huge fan of William's initial notes, Strange Cargo 1 and 2 and all of that, I love all the remixes he does for me and I am interested in combining some sort of sound futuristic but also uses a lot of Indian and Moroccan influences and things like that, and I want it to sound old and new at the same time, "said Madonna.
Maps Ray of Light
Recording
In early June before recording, Orbit met Madonna at her home in New York, and she played music that she did with other producers until May 1997, which she said sounded "slick". They visited the Hit Factory that weekend, where Madonna invited the producers to work on Ray of Light. Orbit then sent him a recording of the piece of music he was working on, which usually consisted of eight or sixteen sentences and a decided strip version that would later be heard on the album. Madonna listened to her sample, repeatedly, until she was inspired to write the lyrics. Once he has an idea of ​​the direction of the song's lyrics, he will bring his ideas back to Orbit, and they will expand the original musical ideas. Since most of the instrumental demos already exist, Madonna works on lyrics and melodies while at home or while traveling.
The album was recorded for four and a half months at Larrabee North Studio in North Hollywood, California, beginning in mid-June 1997, the longest Madonna ever working on an album. For most of the recording process, only three others were in the studio with Madonna: William Orbit, an engineer named Pat McCarthy, and his engineer assistant Matt Silva. They began recording in Los Angeles, but the recording process was initially hit by machine problems, because Orbit preferred to work with samples, synth sounds, and Pro Tools, and not with live musicians. Computers will be damaged, and recording must be suspended until they can be fixed. Orbit recorded most of the album's instrumentation over a four-month period. Orbit recalls playing his guitar and his fingers bleeding for hours spent in the studio.
After several mistakes in the Sanskrit pronouncing of "Yoga Taravali" during the song "Shanti/Ashtangi", the BBC arranged for Madonna to take lessons by telephone to learn the correct basic pronunciation of Sanskrit words from the distinguished scholar Dr B P T Vagish Shastri. He then makes the necessary pronunciation corrections on the album. In an interview with MTV, Madonna remembers recording the album, and says her business associate Guy Oseary is a helpful friend, and that after she and Orbit play it on the track, she, anxiously, says nothing and leaves the studio. "He really hates those cold chords, just when I think the track is over, he sort of pushes us one step further. 'Maybe we should try this', or 'I really do not want to hear that.' then of course, then, it's creeping in my brain, and I'm like, 'maybe I should do a vocal background on it', and then he comes and gladly does it, right? "Madonna said. Orbit also remembers an interview with Madonna's magazine Madonna recording "Swimming" on the day her friend and fashion designer Gianni Versace was killed in Miami, Florida. He also commented that this is probably why the track has an emotional impact.
Title and artwork
According to a spokeswoman for Liz Rosenberg, Madonna considered the title of the album Mantra , which she said was "a very cool title". However, he changed the title to Ray of Light , because his album was always titled after one of the songs from the album. The artwork was taken by Peruvian photographer Mario Testino on November 28, 1997 in a studio in Golden Beach, Florida. They previously collaborated for the Versace brand collection in 1995. Madonna was impressed with the natural look that Testino had taken, so she ordered it again for an album shoot. He remembers, "At 2 pm he said, 'OK, I'm tired, we're done' And I said, 'But I have not got those pictures yet.' He said, 'You work for me and I say we're done' I said, 'No, we continue' The picture he used on the cover comes after that.
Music and lyrics
Ray of Light is an important departure from Madonna's previous work, and has been described as her most "adventurous" record. An album of electronica, dance and techno-pop, also contains elements of several different types of music, including home, ambient, hop travel, drums and bass, rock, new waves, eastern music and classical music. Vocally, the album also marked a change from Madonna's earlier work; when the singer underwent vocal training lessons for her 1996 film Evita, her vocals featured more and more variety, as well as a fuller timbre. In many songs, he also left the vibrato in the previous work. Critically, it is said to have the most vocal Madonna.
The opening song of the album and the third single, "Drowned World/Substitute For Love" is a ballad downtempo effect of jungle, drum and bass and hop hop music. Title inspired by J.G. Post-apocalyptic science fiction novel Ballard The Drowned World (1962). "Swimming", the second song, has a spiritual tone. He sings: "Swim to the bottom of the sea/So we can start again/Wash all our sins/Crash to another beach". "Ray of Light", the third track and the second single, is a high-tempo dance-pop electronic song that contains a strong techno trend and the influence of trance music. A "sonically progressive" track, it also incorporates elements of rock music, with a prominent electric guitar riff. The melody also has some sound effects, including whistles and sleep sounds. "Candy Perfume Girl" has a grunge intro and continues to pair post-modern beeps and beats with the flare of an old electric guitar. In the next song, "Skin", Madonna sang "Do I know you from somewhere?" with a voice yearning over the rhythm of an electronic orchestra. The sixth song, "Nothing Really Matters", is an up-tempo dance track that contains techno influences.
"Sky Fits Heaven" focuses on the spiritual study of Madonna and her daughter, Lourdes. Some lyrics include: "The sky fits heaven so fly, that's what the prophet told me/The child fits the mother so that you hold your baby tight, that's what my future can see." The elements of the lyrics are taken from the poem What Matches? by the poet Max Blagg, a poem used for the 1993 commercial for Gap Inc. "Shanti/Ashtangi" is a Sanskrit Hindu prayer and a techno song sung by Madonna with an Indian accent over the rhythm of dance driving. The techno dance track featuring Madonna sang the full version of Shankaracharya's adaptation in Sanskrit with sentences like "Vunde gurunam caranaravinde/Sandarsita svatma sukhavabodhe".
"Frozen", the ninth song and the first single, is a mid-tempo electronic ballad that has a lined sound enhanced by synthesizers and strings. The song also contains ambient qualities, moderate dance rhythms during chorus and techno-influenced knock towards the end. Madonna's vocals throughout the song lacked vibrato, and have made comparisons with medieval music. The lyrics, the song is about the cool and unemotional man; However, subtext has been observed. According to Jarman-Ivens, lyrics like "You freeze, when your heart is not open" reflect an artistic palette, "encompassing a wide variety of musical styles, texts and visuals in the lyrics." "The Power of Good-Bye" is an emotional ballad that meditates lyrically about loss and longing. It was released as the fourth single of the album. "To Have and Not to Hold" is about a distant lover and "Little Star" is about his daughter, Lourdes. Both are superficially vibrant but with subtle and controllable settings in effect. "Mer Girl", the last song of the album, is a surreal meditation on the mortality and death of Madonna's mother, where she sings, "And I smell the flesh burning/his bones rot, the decay/I run and I run/I still run away. "
Release and promotion
Ray of Light was released in Japan on February 22, 1998, with an additional Japanese bonus track "Has to Be". The album was later released in the United States on March 3, 1998. In New Zealand, a set of Ray of Light box and Immaculate Collection was released to accompany the album. It reached number 12 on the album chart and was certified gold by the New Zealand Recording Industry Association (RIANZ) for the delivery of 7,500 copies. A compilation of VHS promotional instincts titled Rays of Light was released in the United Kingdom in 1999, compiling all the music videos for all five singles from the album. The five videos were later included in the compilation
To promote the album, Madonna made a number of television appearances and live performances from album songs. On February 14, 1998, he debuted "Sky Fits Heaven", "Shanti/Ashtangi" and "Ray of Light" at the Roxy NYC nightclub. "Frozen" was performed at The National Lottery Show in England (February 21), 1998 Sanremo Music Festival in Italy (February 24), Wetten, dass..? in Germany (February 28) and Rosie O'Donnell Show in the United States (March 13). On April 27th, Madonna made an unannounced appearance at Rock for the Rainforest at a concert at Carnegie Hall in New York City to sing "Frozen". He also joins other stars of the concert, including Sting, Elton John, and Billy Joel to perform "With a Little Help From My Friends" and "Twist and Shout" with them. On May 29th, Madonna appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show and sang "Little Star" and "Ray of Light" there. On September 10, he opened the 1998 MTV Video Music Awards in New York City with "Shanti/Ashtangi" and "Ray of Light" performances featuring Lenny Kravitz on guitar. "The Power of Good-Bye" was sung at the 1998 MTV Europe Music Awards in Italy (November 12) and Top of the Pops in the UK (19 November). On February 24, 1999, Madonna performed "Nothing Really Matters" at the 41st Grammy Awards ceremony at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles.
Madonna featured "Drowned World/Substitute For Love", "Ray of Light", "Candy Perfume Girl", "Sky Fits Heaven", "Frozen" and "Mer Girl" on the Drowning World Tour, her fifth concert tour, > Ray of Light and his successor album. It started in June 2001 and was Madonna's first tour in eight years. The tour will start before the new millennium, but he has been pregnant with his son Rocco Ritchie, released the Music that year, and married Ritchie in December 2000. The show is divided into five sections, Cyber-Punk , Geisha , Cowgirl , Spanish and Ghetto . The Drowning World Tour received positive reviews. The tour was commercially successful, with a gross income of US $ 75 million, and it was the best solo artist concert tour in 2001. The concert was broadcast live on HBO from The Palace of Auburn Hills in Auburn Hills, Michigan on August 26, 2001. The Drowned World Tour 2001 DVD was released in all regions on November 13, 2001. Like the original show, the DVD received excellent reviews. The photos used on DVD packaging were taken by Madonna's friend Rosie O'Donnell.
Singles
"Frozen" was released as the lead single from the album on February 23, 1998. It peaked in the top five in most music markets worldwide, while topping the singles charts in Finland, Italy, Spain and England, where he became the first single Madonna to debut at number one. It became her sixth single to reach number two on Billboard Hot 100, setting a record for Madonna as the number two hits artist in chart history. The song received critical acclaim, and was labeled a work whose voice was described as "cinematic". However, the Belgian court in 2005 decided that the four-bar theme opening for the song was plagiarized from the song "Ma vie fout le camp", composed by Salvatore Acquaviva. The decision banned the sale of single albums and all of Ray of Light , as well as other compilations that included songs in Belgium. In February 2014, a Belgian court ruled that Madonna did not plagiarize Acquaviva for "Frozen". The court spoke of a "new capital offense" in the file: composer Edouard Scotto Di Suoccio and Tabata Atoll Music and Music community in Paris also filed a complaint for plagiarism. According to them, both "Ma vie fout le camp" and "Frozen" came from the song "Blood Night" which they composed in 1983. After all three songs in the case were compared, the last decision was that the songs were "not enough" original 'to claim "that every plagiarism has taken place. The verdict ended the eight-year ban on songs held in Belgium since 2005.
The album's second single, "Ray of Light", was released on May 6, 1998. It peaked at number one in Spain and reached the top five positions in Canada, Finland, Italy, England and the United States. It enters Hot 100 at number five, becoming Madonna's highest debut on the chart ever. The song also became a hit on the Hot Dance Club Play chart, which remained at number one for four weeks, and became the "Top Hot Dance Club Play Single" in 1998. Critically, it also received positive reviews, praised for being the perfect club. , "sonically progressive" sound, as well as strong vocals.
"Drowned World/Substitute for Love" was released on August 24, 1998 as the third single outside the United States. It reached number one in Spain and the top ten in Italy and the UK. The music video, directed by Walter Stern, caused controversy because the scene featuring Madonna was chased by paparazzi on motorcycles, a scenario similar to Princess Diana's death in 1997. The fourth single, "The Power of Good-Bye", was released on the 22nd September 1998. It reached the top ten peaks in Austria, Canada, the Netherlands, Finland, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, England. In the United States, the song peaked at number eleven on Hot 100. The music video was directed by Matthew Rolston. "Nothing Really Matters" was released as the fifth and final single album on March 2, 1999. It became the top ten hit in Canada, Finland, Italy, New Zealand and the UK. In the United States, it became Madonna's lowest single on Hot 100, peaking at number 93, but was the number one hit on the dance chart. The music video, directed by Johan Renck, was inspired by the book Arthur Golden Memoirs of a Geisha, and featured Madonna dressed as a geisha.
Critical reception
Ray of Light got widespread praise from music critics. Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic calls Ray Light "the most adventurous record" Madonna and "her most mature and controlled album". In his review he gave the album four and a half of five stars. Paul Verna of Billboard commented: "Easily his most mature and personal work to date, Ray of Light found Madonna weaving the lyrics with intimacy from the diary entry and wrapping it up in a hymn-like melody and instrumentation clad in a lush and melancholy atmosphere-with a view into the classical house, trance, and even a guitar pop. Of course, he balances serious tones with powerful pop nuggets that allow him to flex his vast range of far-flung vocals "He completed the review by calling the album" a fun and adventurous endeavor, which eventually won from one of the most exciting music players in the pop music world. " Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine described this album as "one of the best pop masterpieces of the 90s" and stated that: "The lyrics are not complicated but the statements are great" and "Madonna has not been emotionally honest these days since Like Prayer ". Sheffield's review for Rolling Stone called the album "brilliant", but criticized Orbit's production, saying that he did not know enough of the tricks to produce the entire album, and became repetitive.
David Browne of Entertainment Weekly wrote, "For all his struggles with enlightenment, Madonna seems more relaxed and less contrived than it has been for years, from her new Italian Italian-earth make-up , especially, he's music. Ray of Light is really like a prayer, and you know he'll take you there. " , very impressed with Madonna's vocal range, depth, and clarity and calling Ray Light's "richest and most successful record." Music critic Robert Hilburn of Los Angeles Times wrote, "One of the reasons why he's the new Ray of Light is his most fulfilling album of his career is that it reflects the soul-searching of a woman who is at the point in his life where he can see himself with candor and a surprising perspective. "Writing for Melody Maker in the month In February 1998, Mark Roland drew comparisons with the music of St Etienne and BjÃÆ'¶rk Homogenic album, highlighting Ray of Light ' lack of cynicism as the most positive: "This is not an album that turns a cynical pop manipulation, but is solved from a clod of clay on a wheel-powered wheel. mocked into life, Ray of Light is like a bad mug that does not match but is more special because of it. "Joan Anderman of The Boston Globe says that Ray of Light is a remarkable album He describes it as a very profound spiritual tape record, which is extreme textured, a circle a serious track that goes a long way towards liberating Madonna from a career built on drawings and cultivated identity Robert Christgau is less impressed in Playboy, assuming Ray of Light > "great- audible " but the average record for the enlightenment theme always yields awkward results for pop entertainers, though he praises sensuous songs like "Skin" and "Candy Perfume Girl".
Commercial performance
In the United States, Ray of Light debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 album chart on March 21, 1998. It broke the record for the biggest first week. sales by female artists in Nielsen SoundScan era at the time with 371,000 copies sold. However, the album was not able to top the soundtrack album from the movie Titanic , becoming Madonna's fifth album to reach the top in runner-up position. During the second week, the album sold 225,000 copies and is still kept in the top position by the soundtrack. On March 16, 2000, the album was certified four times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for the delivery of four million album units. Madonna became the first female artist to have seven multi-platinum studio albums by the RIAA. According to Nielsen SoundScan, Ray of Light has sold 3,891 million copies in the United States by December 2016. This figure excludes units sold through clubs such as BMG Music, where the album sold over 459,000 copies.. In Canada, the album debuted at number one on the Canada Albums Ladder with first week sales of 59,900 copies. It was then certified seven times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of Canada (CRIA) for the delivery of 700,000 copies. The album also achieved commercial success in Oceania, debuting at number one on the album charts in Australia and New Zealand. It was certified triple platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) and platinum by the New Zealand Recording Industry Association (RIANZ) for each shipment of 210,000 and 15,000 copies.
In the UK, Ray of Light debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart, remaining in the top spot for two weeks. It was certified six times platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) for the delivery of 1.8 million copies. In France, the album entered the album chart at number two, staying there for seven weeks before going down the chart. It was certified three times platinum by Syndicat National de l'ÃÆ' ucified Phonographique (SNEP) for the delivery of 900,000 copies. Actual album sales in France stood at 925,400 copies. In Germany, the album reached number one on the Media Control Charts and remained there for seven weeks. It remains the best-selling album of Madonna in Germany with platinum certification three times from Bundesverband Musikindustrie (BVMI) for delivery of 1.5 million copies. Due to its commercial success in European countries, the album eventually topped the album's Top 100 Album charts and was certified seven times platinum by the International Federation of Phonographic Industries (IFPI) for the sale of seven million copies, becoming the third best-selling album in Europe for the period 1998-2007. Ray of Light achieved similar success worldwide, topping the official charts of Belgium, the Netherlands, Finland, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Norway, Singapore, Spain and Switzerland. It was the best-selling album of Warner Music company in the Asia-Pacific region during 1998. In total, Ray of Light has sold over 16 million copies worldwide.
Accolades
At the 41st Annual Grammy Awards, Ray of Light received four awards from six nominations. The album won Best Pop Album and Best Recording Package, and was nominated for Album of the Year, while the title of the song won Best Dance Recording and Best Short Form Music Video, and was nominated for Record of the Year. The album gave Madonna Grammy her first musical in her career as she previously only won in the video category. Madonna also became the biggest winner of the MTV Video Music Awards 1998, winning six awards from nine nominations. "Frozen" won the Best Special Effect; "Ray of Light" won Best Choreography, Best Direction, Best Editing, Best Female Videos and Video of the Year, and was also nominated for Best Cinematography, Best Dance Video, and Breakthrough Video. The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) honored Madonna's two awards from Most Performed Song for "Frozen" and "Ray of Light" at the 1999 ASCAP Pop Music Awards, and Top Dance Song for "Ray of Light" in 1999 ASCAP Rhythm & amp; Soul Music Awards.
Ray of Light also gave Madonna several trophies from various international awards - including two Danish Grammy Awards for Best International Album and Best Female International Female Vocalist from IFPI Denmark, Fryderyk award for Best Foreign Album from Zwi? zek ProducentÃÆ'³w Audio Video (ZPAV) in Poland, Golden Giraffe Award for International Pop Album of the Year from Mahasz in Hungary, two Porin awards for Best International and Best International Videos ("Frozen") in Croatia, and two RockbjÃÆ'¶rnen awards for Best International Album and Best International Artist in Sweden.
In Canada, Madonna won Best International Video for "Ray of Light" at the 1999 MuchMusic Video Awards and was nominated for Best (Foreign or Domestic) Sales Album at Juno Awards 1999. She also received Best Female and Best Album trophies at the 1998 MTV Europe Music Awards. At the 14th annual International Dance Music Awards, Madonna won Best Dance Solo Artist and Best Dance Video for "Ray of Light".
Legacy
Ray of Light has been credited for bringing electronica music into global pop culture. The Los Angeles Times noted that "apart from occasional breakthroughs like Fatboy Slim, electronica is not entirely the main tariff when Madonna releases Ray of Light." Until the album brought the genre to the top of the music charts, according to lead author J. Randy Taraborrelli, "techno and electronica, for years, have played music in raves, are very popular, underground party illegally going on abandoned, warehouses and quiet areas on the outskirts of cities around the world. "AllMusic editor Liana Jonas stated that the album's title track had" brought a keen interest in electronica music, which rose from underground status to wild popularity in the early 21st century. " The Observer ' s author Daryl Deino calls the Ray of Light "risk-taking album that helps define mainstream electronic dance music."
Elliott H. Powell in American Studies for New York University observed that Ray of Light made South Asian culture accessible to the American public in the 1990s. Rhonda Hammer and Douglas Kellner in his book The Media/Cultural Study: The Critical Approach warns that "the phenomenon of South Asian femininity inspired as a trend of Western media can be traced back to February 1998, when the pop icon Madonna released her video" Frozen ". "They explain that" although Madonna did not start fashion for Indian beauty accessories [...] she pushed it into the public eye by attracting media attention around the world. "
According to Taraborrelli, the album is regarded as brave and refreshing in contemporary music of the late 1990s, dominated by bandoons and teen artists such as Backstreet Boys, NSYNC, Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera. Larry Flick of Billboard said that the album "not only gives artists such as a chameleon with its first success universally applauded, it has also proved that he remains an important figure among the fluttering young audiences." Music critic Lucy O'Brien commented: "1998's Ray of Light is definitely improving Madonna's image, until then she is still considered the lucky average pop glamor girl, but with this record she reaches out to all new viewers, proving that he is a great songwriter with a very productive talent. "Mary von Aue of Stereogum stated that" Ray of Light "rebuilds Madonna as an innovative artist."
Ray of Light has been featured on various critic lists from the greatest album of all time. Rolling Stone placed the album at number 367 on the "500 Greatest Album of All Time" list. In 2001, a quarter of a million music fans in VH1 picked Ray of Light as 10 of "100 Best Albums of All Time". In 2003, Ray of Light was allocated at number 17 on the list of readers of the Q magazine "100 Greatest Ever Albums". This album is also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die . Mojo magazine also listed Ray of Light at number 29 on "100 Modern Classics: The Greatest Albums of Our Lifetime". In 2013, this album is also included in the number 241 on the list of NME magazine "Album 500 Greatest of All Time". British singer Adele was named Ray of Light as "one of the main inspirations" for her third studio album, 25 (2015). Madonna himself considers Ray of Light the most satisfying evolution of his career.
Track list
Additional notes
- "Drowned World/Substitute for Love" contains an example of "Why I Follow the Tigers", as did by San Sebastian Strings.
- "Shanti/Ashtangi" adapted from text by Shankaracharya, taken from Yoga Taravali. Additional text: Traditional, Translation by Vyass Houston and Eddie Stern.
- "Mer Girl" contains the interpolation and elements of "Space" performed by GÃÆ'¡bor SzabÃÆ'³.
Personnel
Unless otherwise stated, Information is adapted from album liner notes.
Diagram
Certification and sales
Releasing history
See also
- Album list that has spent most weeks on the UK Albums Chart
- List of top-selling albums
- List of best-selling albums in Brazil
- List of best-selling albums in Europe
- List of best-selling albums in Germany
- Album list number one year 1998 (Australia)
- Album list number one year 1998 (Canada)
- List hit number one in 1998 (Europe)
- Album list number one year 1998 (Spain)
- Album list number one in the 1990s (England)
References
Bibliography
External links
- Ray of Light on Discogs (release list)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments