Dog detection or dog tracker is a dog trained to use his senses to detect substances such as explosives, illegal drugs, wild animals, currencies, blood and smuggled electronics such as phone is off limits. The senses most often used by detecting dogs are the smell. Hunting for dogs looking for games, and finding dogs that function to find missing humans is generally not considered a detection dog. There is some overlap, as in the case of vultures, trained to search for human remains. Police dogs are basically a detection dog used as a resource for police in certain scenarios such as conducting drug raids, finding missing criminals, and finding hidden currency.
Often, detection dogs are considered used for law enforcement purposes; However, they are also used as valuable research tools for wildlife biologists. In California, detection dogs are trained to find shellfish quagga on ships on the slopes of a common boat because they are an invasive species that are harmful to the environment. Detection dogs also tend to be used for the purpose of finding and collecting dirt from a variety of species, including caribou, black-legged mongoose, killer whales, and the frog marked Oregon. This process is known as wildlife pest detection.
The detection dogs are also seen used in the medical industry, because research has revealed that canine teeth can detect certain odors associated with various medical conditions, such as cancer.
Video Detection dog
Function
The detection dogs have been trained to look for many things, both living and dead, including:
One of the notable qualities of detecting dogs is that they are able to distinguish individual scents even when they are combined or camouflaged by other odors. Many of the items listed above can be disguised when covered by multiple scents. The detection dogs helped uncover these items. In 2002, detection dogs thwarted a woman's attempts to smuggle marijuana into an Australian prison in Brisbane. Cannabis has been put in a balloon, which is smeared with coffee, pepper and petroleum jelly and then placed in her bra.
Bed bug insect detection
The detection dogs are often specially trained by the handler to identify the mattress flea scent. With increased focus on green pest management and integrated pest management, as well as increased global travel and shared living accommodations, mattress ticks are becoming more common. Detecting bed bugs is a complicated process because insects have the ability to hide almost anywhere. The detection dogs help to overcome this problem because of their size, speed, and sense of smell. From eggs to adults, detection dogs use their unique ability to smell in parts per trillion to track sleeping insects in each phase of their life cycle. They can find insects in places that people can not do like cracks in walls, cracks, and furniture gaps. Dogs are also a safer alternative to pesticide use. If detection dogs can find exactly where the bed bugs are located, they can minimize the areas that need to be sprayed.
The National Pest Management Association released their "Bed Bug Best Management Practices" in 2011 that outlines the minimum recommendations regarding not only maintenance, but certification and use of canine bug detection beds. The Best Management Practices NPMA stresses the importance of having a sleep dog detection team certified by a third-party organization not affiliated with the trainer or company that sells the dog.
Scientists at the University of Kentucky reviewed the study of sleep bed bugs and concluded that while expensive for operators, they were a reliable source as long as they had the right training. In another study, the detection dogs had a 97.5% positive indication level to identify bed bugs (Cimex lectularius ) and their eggs - with false-zero positives - all while accurately differentiating them from carpenter ants, cockroaches, and termites. They also managed to distinguish live bed bugs and decent egg bed bugs from dead bed bugs, cast skin, and impurities with a true positive level of 95% indication.
Wildlife detection
Scat is abundant in the wild and contains valuable data. Wild pest detection is a fairly non-invasive method of research for many species where previous live shootings once dominated. Compared to other garbage collection methods, dogs can survey larger areas for a shorter period of time at a lower cost. Research shows that detection dogs can locate laboratory mice and rats in a large 32-hectare rat-free area. Certain types of stools that detect dogs have been successful in identifying including whale killer stones, northern spotted owl pellets, and salamanders.
Maps Detection dog
Criticism
Accuracy
United States
In 2011, the Chicago Tribune claimed that the response of detection dogs was influenced by the bias and behavior of their handlers, which could impede accuracy. Another factor that affects accuracy is residual odor. The residual odor may linger even after the illegal material has been removed from a certain area, and may cause a negative detection alert. In addition, very few states have mandatory training, testing, or certification standards for detection dogs. This makes people ask if they are really ready to search.
Australia
In 2001, the Australian state of New South Wales introduced a law that gave police the power to use non-commissioned drug-detecting dogs in public places such as licensed, music festivals and public transport. The law was lifted in 2005, and subsequently reviewed in 2006 by the Ombudsman of New South Wales, which left a critical report on the use of dogs to detect drugs. The report states that illegal drugs are found in just 26% of searches after indications by drug-tracer dogs. Of these, 84% is for the small amount of marijuana considered for personal use. The report also found that the law was ineffective in detecting people in the supply of illegal drugs, with only 0.19% of the indications that ultimately led to successful prosecution for supply.
Civil rights
The detection dogs give the police the potential to do a non-cause search, an unregulated way. They are often accused of being motivated more by the desire of the state to look to do something, rather than serious efforts to respond to the dangers of drug use. In June 2012, three Nevada Highway Patrol officers filed a lawsuit against Nevada Public Safety Director, alleging that he violated the police dog program by deliberately training the dogs to be "ponies" - for fake alerts based on cues from their handlers - thus allowing officers to conduct vehicle searches illegally. The lawsuit claims that in doing so, he and other highway patrol officers have violated the federal Exclusion and Damage Act (RICO).
In Norway, students are subjected to drug-seeking in their classroom by detection dogs. The students do not have to be present in the room while the dog is looking for; however, they were forced to answer questions by the police. An article in Tidsskrift for strafferett , the journal of Norwegian criminal law, claims that such a search violates Norwegian law.
See also
References
Further reading
- NPR All Things to Consider : Using a Dog to Sniff a Sleep Bug
- Fox Philadelphia: "Bed Bug Dog and Bed Bug Control Expert Discusses Use of Bed Bug Dogs"
External links
- Media related to dogs Detection on Wikimedia Commons
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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